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Gas
Chromatographs | Detectors
| Injectors | Options
| Software | Specs.
There
are Nine (9) specific detectors available for the Buck
910- and 310-series GC systems. The larger 910-GC can
accommodate up to FOUR (4) of these assorted detectors,
either in series (from non-destructive to destructive)
or in parallel (using a split stream), although there
are a few limited combinations that are not feasible
because of space conflicts. Detector types are selected
by the User, depending on the application. All detectors
must be factory installed.
Detector
Types Are:
1)
TCD (Thermal Conductivity Detector)
A “universal” detector able to measure
almost ALL molecules; inorganic and permanent gases
as well as organic vapors. Operates below 275°
C, and gives a typical DL of ~250PPM, with linearity
to ~100% for most species. A good nondestructive
detector for general Organic and Analytical testing,
it is also used for Combustion Gas and Stack Gas
testing, Atmospheric monitoring, and bulk measurements.
Helium is the recommended carrier. |
2)
FID (Flame Ionization Detector)
Commonly used for Organic analyses, it is specific
for Hydrocarbon species with a working range from
~10PPM to 10% for C1-C10 compounds. It has a high
temperature range, over 400° C, and can be interfaced
with add-on detectors for selective-species measurements.
Solvent and material characterization, environmental
samples, TPH and petroleum analyses are primary
applications. Air & Hydrogen are support gases,
using Helium for a carrier gas. |
3)
DELCD (Dry Electrolytic Conductivity Detector)
This detector, with FID, is ideal for environmental
applications where Halogenated Hydrocarbons and
Pesticides can be easily differentiated from Solvent
matrix backgrounds. Cleaner and more linear response
of DELCD compared to ECD still gives sensitivities
in the 10PPB range; and meets most EPA specifications
for the 600- and 8000- series methods. Works best
using Helium for a carrier, with Air & Hydrogen
as supplemental gases. |
4)
HID (Helium Ionization Detector)
Provides “universal” detection; and is
non-destructive, similar to TCD; for gaseous species
with an Ionization Potential below that of Helium.
Less expensive than similar detectors; it provides
DLs of ~1-10PPM for most gases. Suited for special
tests; such as Transformer Oil Gases, Road Bed Emissions
and other non-Organic vapor measurement. High-quality
Helium is required as Carrier. |
5)
NPD (Nitrogen Phosphorus Detector)
Designed for Agricultural and Drug testing, this
modified Thermionic Bead Detector responds to Nitrogen-bearing
compounds to concentrations of ~100PPB or lower;
with Phosphorus-containing materials detectable
at ~500PPB. As part of an FID assembly, it needs
the Air-Hydrogen jet to burn the eluting “peak”
with a Helium carrier. |
6)
ECD (Electron Capture Detector)
Originally designed for single PPB level detection
of Chlorinated organic compounds, it requires a
special carrier gas of Argon-Methane and low-bleed
columns for optimal results Still the most sensitive
detector available for the environmental monitoring
of Halocarbons and Pesticides, with 1-5PPB detection
limits. Usually run independent of other detectors. |
7)
PID (Photo-Ionization Detector)
A high-intensity “UV” source, the 10.6eV
Krypton Lamp generates powerful energy to “excite”
UNSATURATED organic; such as Aromatics, Olefins,
Ketones and Esters. The low 10-50PPB DLs for the
Aromatic compounds make it ideal for environmental
testing for BTEX, PAH and PNA species. Non-destructive
measurements make it ideal for use with an FID/combo
detector. |
8)
FPD (Flame Photometric Detector)
Employs either a single- or double-phototube detector
that “sees” the light from burning Sulfur
or / and Phosphorus compounds. Crucial for Stack
and Combustion Gas testing, Natural Gas, refined
Hydrocarbons and even Pesticide materials. Superior
detection limits in the 1- 10PPB range are achieved
with advance electronics and proprietary optical
designs. Uses a rich Hydrogen flame, often used
in conjunction with FID and with a Helium carrier
gas. |
9)
CCD (Catalytic Combustion Detector)
A unique and economical alternative to the FID for
the detection of hydrocarbon compounds has a typical
detection limit of about 500 ppm when run with a
helium carrier. The CCD can also run at lower temperatures
(<200°) when run on air to make a truly self
contained GC. Note: Many of these detectors can
be, and often should be combined to maximize the
usefulness of the Buck GC. Packages such as FID-DELCD,
TCD-FID, PID-FID- DELCD, NPD-DELCD, FID-FPD. Call
for specific application help on your application. |
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